Lincoln Wheat Cent

1909-1958 • United States • 1¢

About This Coin

The Lincoln Wheat Cent was the first U.S. coin to feature a historical figure. It shows President Lincoln on the obverse and two wheat stalks on the reverse, giving it its popular name.

Specifications

Composition

95% Copper, 5% Tin/Zinc (1909-1942, 1944-1958); Steel with Zinc coating (1943)

Weight

3.11 grams (copper), 2.7 grams (steel)

Diameter

19 mm

Edge

Plain

Designer

Victor David Brenner

Mintage

Varies widely by year and mint

Estimated Values by Condition

Condition	Estimated Value
Poor (P)	$0.05-0.10
Good (G)	$0.10-0.25
Fine (F)	$0.25-0.50
Very Fine (VF)	$0.50-2
Extremely Fine (EF/XF)	$2-10
Uncirculated (MS)	$5-100+

* Values are estimates based on market data and may vary significantly based on specific condition, mint mark, and market demand.

Identification Tips

Look for the mint mark below the date (D or S). The designer's initials "VDB" appear on the reverse rim of 1909 coins and on the truncation of Lincoln's shoulder from 1918 onward. Check for rare dates like 1909-S VDB, 1914-D, 1922-D, and 1943 copper errors.

Historical Context

Designed by Victor David Brenner to commemorate Lincoln's 100th birthday, this coin replaced the Indian Head Cent in 1909. The "VDB" initials controversy led to their removal and later reinstatement in a less prominent location. In 1943, steel cents were minted to conserve copper for WWII.

Notable Varieties

1909-S VDB
1914-D
1922 No D
1943 Copper Error
1944 Steel Error
1955 Doubled Die

Frequently Asked Questions

What makes a wheat penny valuable?

Key dates (1909-S VDB, 1914-D, 1931-S), errors (1943 copper, 1944 steel, 1955 doubled die), and high-grade examples are most valuable. Condition is crucial - an MS65 common date can be worth $50+.

How rare are 1943 steel pennies?

1943 steel pennies are very common (over a billion made). However, 1943 COPPER pennies are extremely rare errors worth $100,000+. Also valuable are 1944 STEEL pennies, another rare error.