Buffalo Nickel (Indian Head)

1913-1938 • United States • 5¢

About This Coin

The Buffalo Nickel features a Native American chief on the obverse and an American bison on the reverse. It is one of the most iconic American coin designs, celebrating the frontier heritage.

Specifications

Composition

75% Copper, 25% Nickel

Weight

5 grams

Diameter

21.2 mm

Edge

Plain

Designer

James Earle Fraser

Mintage

Varies by year (1,200,000 to 119,001,420)

Estimated Values by Condition

Condition	Estimated Value
Poor (P)	$1-2
Good (G)	$2-5
Fine (F)	$8-15
Very Fine (VF)	$15-30
Extremely Fine (EF/XF)	$40-100
Uncirculated (MS)	$75-500+

* Values are estimates based on market data and may vary significantly based on specific condition, mint mark, and market demand.

Identification Tips

Look for the mint mark on the reverse below "FIVE CENTS". Early 1913 Type 1 coins have the denomination on a raised mound; Type 2 has it recessed. The date often wears off, making dateless coins common. Look for three-legged variety on 1937-D.

Historical Context

Designed by James Earle Fraser, the Buffalo Nickel replaced the Liberty Head Nickel in 1913. The Native American chief is said to be a composite of three chiefs: Iron Tail, Two Moons, and John Big Tree. The bison model was "Black Diamond," who lived in the Bronx Zoo.

Notable Varieties

1913 Type 1
1913 Type 2
1916 Doubled Die
1918/7-D
1937-D 3-Legged

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is the date worn off on so many Buffalo Nickels?

The date was placed on the highest point of the coin (the Native American's cheek), making it the first part to wear down with circulation. This was a major design flaw that contributed to the coin's eventual replacement.

What is the 3-legged Buffalo?

The 1937-D 3-legged Buffalo is a famous variety caused by over-polishing of the die, which removed the buffalo's front right leg. It is worth $500-20,000+ depending on condition.